Iceland is famous for its stunning natural beauty, and among its many waterfalls, Gullfoss stands out as the crown jewel. Known as the "Golden Falls," this magnificent two-tiered waterfall is one of the most visited attractions in the country. Whether you're planning your first trip to Iceland or you're a returning visitor, this complete guide will tell you everything you need to know about Gullfoss Waterfall.
What is Gullfoss Waterfall and Why is it So Famous?
Gullfoss, which means "Golden Falls" in Icelandic, is one of Iceland's most beautiful and powerful waterfalls. Located in the canyon of the Hvítá river in southwest Iceland, this stunning natural wonder drops water in two dramatic stages, creating a breathtaking sight that attracts hundreds of thousands of visitors every year.
The waterfall is famous for several reasons. First, it's part of the Golden Circle, Iceland's most popular tourist route. Second, it has an incredible flow of water - about 140 cubic meters per second on average, though this can reach 2,000 cubic meters per second during summer floods. Third, the waterfall has a unique shape that makes it look like the water is disappearing into the Earth itself.
What makes Gullfoss truly special is how the river seems to vanish into a deep crevice in the ground. The water drops 32 meters (105 feet) in two stages: first 11 meters (36 feet), then 21 meters (69 feet) into a rugged canyon that stretches 2.5 kilometers downstream. On sunny days, you can see rainbows dancing in the mist, and in winter, ice formations create a magical frozen landscape.
Where is Gullfoss Waterfall Located and How Far is it from Reykjavik?
Gullfoss is located in the southwestern part of Iceland, about 110 kilometers (68 miles) northeast of Reykjavik, the capital city. The waterfall sits in the upper part of the Hvítá river, which flows from Iceland's second-largest glacier, Langjökull.
The exact coordinates are 64.3271° N, 20.1211° W if you're using GPS. The waterfall is easily accessible from Route 35, also known as Kjölur road. You'll find it in the Haukadalur valley area, making it a perfect stop when visiting other Golden Circle attractions.
The drive from Reykjavik typically takes about 1.5 to 2 hours, depending on weather and road conditions. The waterfall is situated at an elevation of about 400 meters above sea level, in an area known for its geothermal activity and stunning natural landscapes.
Tour Options
If you don't want to drive, many tour companies offer Golden Circle tours from Reykjavik that include Gullfoss. These tours typically visit Þingvellir National Park, Geysir geothermal area, and Gullfoss in one day. Tours range from basic bus tours to small group adventures and luxury experiences.
Popular tour types include:
- Standard Golden Circle day tours (8-10 hours)
- Golden Circle with additional activities like snowmobiling or snorkeling
- Private tours with flexible schedules
What is the Complete History of Gullfoss?
Gullfoss was formed thousands of years ago at the end of the last Ice Age. As the glaciers melted, massive amounts of water carved through the volcanic rock, creating the canyon and waterfall we see today. The river Hvítá, fed by glacial meltwater from Langjökull glacier, has been shaping this landscape for millennia.
Local farmers and residents have known about Gullfoss for centuries, but it remained relatively unknown to the outside world until the late 1800s. The waterfall has been part of Icelandic folklore and stories for generations, with many tales about its power and beauty.
The Story of Sigríður Tómasdóttir - The Woman Who Saved Gullfoss
The most important chapter in Gullfoss's history involves a brave woman named Sigríður Tómasdóttir, who lived from 1871 to 1957. Her father, Tómas Tómasson, owned the land where Gullfoss is located. In the early 1900s, foreign investors wanted to buy the waterfall to build a hydroelectric power plant, which would have destroyed its natural beauty.
Between 1907 and 1929, various attempts were made to harness Gullfoss for electricity. Sigríður's father leased the waterfall to investors, but Sigríður strongly opposed the development. She loved the waterfall deeply and couldn't stand the thought of it being destroyed.
According to popular accounts, Sigríður walked the 120 kilometers to Reykjavik multiple times - barefoot, according to some versions of the story - to protest the development. She threatened to throw herself into the waterfall if the construction went ahead. She also hired a lawyer, Sveinn Björnsson (who later became Iceland's first President), to fight the case in court.
While historians debate some details of the story, what's certain is that Sigríður's dedication and the legal battles eventually led to the lease being cancelled. The investors couldn't make the project profitable, and the contract was terminated. Sigríður became a national hero and is considered Iceland's first environmentalist.
Modern Protection and Tourism
In 1975, the Icelandic government officially protected Gullfoss as a nature reserve. Today, it's owned by the Icelandic state and managed by the Environment Agency of Iceland. The waterfall and surrounding area are protected from any development.
A memorial stone was placed near the waterfall to honor Sigríður Tómasdóttir's efforts. Visitors can see this monument and learn about the woman who saved one of Iceland's greatest natural treasures.
How Much Water Flows Over Gullfoss Waterfall?
The volume of water flowing over Gullfoss is truly staggering. On average, the waterfall sees a flow rate of about 140 cubic meters (4,900-5,000 cubic feet) of water per second during the summer months. To put this in perspective, that's enough water to fill an Olympic-sized swimming pool in less than a minute!
During winter, when there's less glacial melt, the flow reduces to about 80-109 cubic meters (2,800-3,849 cubic feet) per second. Even at this reduced rate, the waterfall maintains an impressive force that makes the ground vibrate beneath your feet.
The highest flood ever measured at Gullfoss was an incredible 2,000 cubic meters (71,000 cubic feet) per second. This massive volume of water is what creates the thunderous roar and the thick mist that rises from the canyon, often creating beautiful rainbows on sunny days.
The source of all this water is the Langjökull glacier, whose name means "long glacier" in Icelandic. As the glacier melts, the water feeds the Hvítá River (which means "white river"—a reference to its turbulent, milky-white appearance from glacial sediment). Many tributary streams feed into the river as it travels downstream, adding to the volume of water that eventually cascades over Gullfoss.
What is the Best Time to Visit Gullfoss Waterfall?
Gullfoss is open 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, so you can visit at any time. However, the best time to visit depends on what kind of experience you're looking for.
Summer (June to August)
Summer is the most popular time to visit Gullfoss, and for good reason. The weather is milder, with temperatures averaging around 10°C (50°F). You'll enjoy up to 21 hours of daylight in June, giving you plenty of time to explore the area and take photos.
During summer, the glacial melt is at its peak, which means the waterfall is at its most powerful. The increased water flow creates an even more dramatic spectacle, with massive amounts of mist rising from the canyon. This mist often creates stunning rainbows, especially during mid-morning and late afternoon when the sun is at the right angle.
The main downside of summer is the crowds. Gullfoss can get very busy, especially between 10:00 AM and 2:00 PM when tour buses arrive. If you want to avoid the crowds, try to visit early in the morning (before 9:30 AM) or later in the evening. The roads and walking paths are also at their easiest to navigate during summer.
Gullfoss Waterfall in Winter (November to February)
Visiting Gullfoss in winter is like stepping into a frozen fairytale. Parts of the waterfall and canyon walls glaze over with ice and snow, creating jagged icicles and sheets of ice that shimmer in the light. Some water still flows and trickles over the rocks, but the surrounding ice formations make for a truly dramatic scene.
Winter brings fewer crowds, which means you can often have more peaceful moments to enjoy the falls. The daylight hours are short (as little as 4-5 hours in December), but the low winter sun provides soft, golden light throughout most of the day, which is excellent for photography.
On clear winter nights, you have the incredible opportunity to combine your visit with Northern Lights viewing. Imagine standing at one of the most powerful waterfalls in Iceland while the aurora borealis dances overhead—it's a bucket-list experience.
The main challenge of winter visits is the weather and road conditions. Roads can be icy and snow-covered, making driving more difficult. The lower viewing platform is often closed in winter when ice makes it too slippery and dangerous. If you're not confident driving in winter conditions, joining a Golden Circle tour with an experienced driver is highly recommended.
Spring (March to May) and Autumn (September to October)
Spring and autumn offer a balanced experience with fewer crowds and changeable weather. In spring, the river gains power with meltwater, the landscape transitions from snow to fresh green, and trails become progressively easier to navigate. You'll see beautiful seasonal contrasts, with lingering snow patches against bright moss and grass.
Autumn brings gold and rust tones to the canyon, crisp air, and often clear skies. The nights lengthen, bringing real aurora potential without the deep winter cold. The low-angle light during autumn provides excellent conditions for photography, and the canyon's natural colors add depth to your photos.
Both seasons can bring unpredictable weather, so it's important to pack layers and waterproof clothing.
Best Time of Day
If you want to avoid crowds, visit before 9:30 AM or after 4:00 PM. Early morning offers quiet viewpoints and soft light, perfect for photography. However, the visitor center facilities may still be closed, so plan accordingly.
Mid-morning and late afternoon provide the best lighting conditions for photography, especially on sunny days when rainbows frequently appear in the mist. If you're planning to photograph the waterfall, check the weather forecast. On cloudy days, you can visit at any time, but on clear days, aim for the "golden hour" during sunrise or sunset.
What Parking and Facilities Are Available at Gullfoss?
Parking
There are two parking areas at Gullfoss: an upper lot near the visitor center and a lower lot closer to the waterfall. Both parking areas are accessible 24/7, even when the visitor center is closed.
As of 2026, parking at Gullfoss is free of charge. There have been occasional mentions of parking fees, but currently, you can park without paying. Signs are posted at the lots, so it's worth checking when you arrive in case the policy has changed.
Spaces near the visitor center fill up quickly during peak summer hours (10:00 AM to 2:00 PM), so arriving early or later in the day gives you better parking options. If you're visiting on a guided tour, parking fees (if they exist) are typically included in your tour price.
Visitor Center
The Gullfoss Visitor Center is located next to the upper parking lot. It provides:
- Restrooms - Free public toilets available during opening hours
- Café and Restaurant - Serves traditional Icelandic dishes including the popular "kjötsúpa" (meat broth), hot soups, sandwiches, salads, cakes, and hot drinks. Food service typically ends about an hour before closing time.
- Gift Shop - Sells Icelandic wool items, local crafts, books, hats, gloves, and other cold-weather essentials
- Information - Staff can provide up-to-date information about trail conditions, especially important in winter when the lower path may be closed
- Shelter - A warm place to rest and escape the wind and spray
The visitor center typically operates from 9:30 AM to 6:00-7:00 PM, with hours varying by season. In summer, it may stay open until 8:00 PM. The waterfall itself is accessible 24/7, so you can visit outside these hours, but facilities will be closed.
Cards and contactless payments are widely accepted. You can also refill reusable water bottles with Iceland's excellent tap water before continuing to other Golden Circle attractions.
Other Facilities
- Information boards and signage explaining the waterfall's geology and history
- Well-maintained viewing platforms with safety railings
- Paved pathways (though they can be wet or icy)
- Bins for waste disposal
What Can I See and Do at Gullfoss Waterfall?
Main Viewing Platforms
There are two primary viewing areas at Gullfoss, each offering a different perspective:
- Upper Viewing Platform - This is the most accessible and popular platform, located near the visitor center. It's paved and generally open year-round. From here, you get the classic wide-angle view of both tiers of the waterfall dropping into Gullfossgjúfur Canyon. On sunny days, you can often see rainbows forming in the mist. This viewpoint is perfect for capturing the full scale of the falls in your photos.
- Lower Viewing Platform - A staircase leads down from the upper area to the lower rock-level platform. This is where you really experience the raw power of Gullfoss—the ground literally vibrates beneath your feet, the spray rises all around you, and the roar of the water is overwhelming. This is the most dramatic viewing point, but it requires waterproof clothing to protect yourself and your camera from the mist.
The lower platform is often closed during winter or in severe weather when ice makes the walkway too slippery and dangerous. Always follow safety signs and respect path closures.
Extended Viewing Point (East Side)
For a different perspective, some adventurous visitors walk to the east bank of the Hvítá River to see Gullfoss from the opposite side. This route is much less traveled and offers unique photo opportunities. However, be very careful in this area—there are no maintained paths or safety railings, and the terrain can be unstable.
Recently (in 2025), an observation platform was added above the gorge, providing a great view of the Gullfossgjúfur canyon and the columnar basalt formations in the gorge walls.
Walking Trails
There are approximately 2.1 kilometers (1.3 miles) of trails around the waterfall area that meander past various observation points along the river. If you have time and good weather, these trails offer beautiful views and a chance to experience the landscape more fully.
The walk from the parking area to the main viewing platform takes only a few minutes. Most visitors spend 30-45 minutes at Gullfoss, but if you want to explore all the viewpoints, walk the trails, and visit the café, plan for 1-1.5 hours (or up to 2.5 hours if you visit the east side viewpoint).
Photography Opportunities
Gullfoss is a photographer's paradise. The waterfall looks stunning at any time of day, but for the best photos:
- Visit during "golden hour" (sunrise or sunset) on clear days for warm, flattering light
- On cloudy or moody days, any time works well—the dramatic weather adds atmosphere
- In summer, aim for mid-morning or late afternoon when rainbows are most likely to appear
- In winter, the short daylight hours provide soft, low-angle light throughout most of the day
- Protect your camera equipment from mist, especially at the lower viewing platform
- A polarizing filter can help manage reflections and enhance the water's appearance
Northern Lights Viewing (Winter)
During winter months, if you visit on a clear, dark night, you have the opportunity to see the Northern Lights dancing above Gullfoss. The combination of the aurora borealis and the roaring waterfall creates an unforgettable experience. Remember to bring a headlamp, watch for slippery ice patches, and stay behind safety railings.
What Should I Wear and Bring to Gullfoss Waterfall?
Iceland's weather is famously unpredictable, and conditions can change quickly. Here's what to pack for your visit:
Essential Clothing
Layers - Dress in layers so you can adjust to changing temperatures. A good system is:
- Base layer: Sports t-shirt or thermal underwear
- Mid layer: Long-sleeve jumper or fleece
- Outer layer: Waterproof jacket (essential!)
Footwear - Sturdy, waterproof hiking boots are recommended year-round. The paths can be wet, muddy, or icy. In winter, consider bringing ice cleats or crampons to pull over your boots for better grip on slippery surfaces.
Winter Extras - If visiting November through March, add:
- Woolly hat
- Warm gloves or mittens
- Scarf or neck warmer
- Warm socks
Summer Clothing - Even in summer, bring a waterproof jacket and warm layer. Temperatures can drop, and sudden rain showers are common.
What to Bring
- Camera and Protection - Bring a waterproof cover or bag for your camera, especially if you plan to visit the lower viewing platform where mist is heavy
- Sunglasses - Iceland's light can be very bright, especially when reflecting off water or snow
- Water Bottle - You can refill it with Iceland's excellent tap water at the visitor center
- Snacks - While the café offers food, it's good to have snacks on hand
- Headlamp - Essential for winter evening visits or Northern Lights viewing
- Sunscreen and Lip Balm - Iceland's UV levels can be high, even on cloudy days
What Other Attractions Are Near Gullfoss?
Gullfoss is perfectly positioned on the Golden Circle route, making it easy to combine with other incredible attractions:
Geysir Geothermal Area (10 minutes away)
Just 10 minutes from Gullfoss, you'll find the Geysir Geothermal Area in Haukadalur Valley. This is where you can watch Strokkur geyser erupt every 5-10 minutes, shooting boiling water 15-30 meters (50-100 feet) into the air. The area also features bubbling mud pots, steaming vents, and colorful mineral deposits. The original Geysir (which gave all geysers their name) is also here, though it rarely erupts anymore.
Thingvellir National Park (50 minutes away)
Thingvellir (Þingvellir) is about 50 minutes from Gullfoss. This UNESCO World Heritage Site is where you can walk between the North American and Eurasian tectonic plates in the rift valley. It's also the birthplace of Iceland's parliament, which was established in 930 AD, making it the world's oldest parliament site. The park offers beautiful hiking trails, clear lakes, and fascinating geology.
Kerid Volcanic Crater (40 minutes away)
This vivid volcanic crater lake features bright blue-green water surrounded by red volcanic rock. It's a quick stop (15-20 minutes) but makes for stunning photos. Some Golden Circle tours include Kerid as an extra stop.
Fridheimar Greenhouse (25 minutes away)
This unique attraction is a working tomato greenhouse where you can enjoy lunch surrounded by tomato plants. They serve delicious tomato soup, fresh bread, and other tomato-based dishes. It's a popular addition to many Golden Circle tours.
Secret Lagoon (35 minutes away)
If you want to soak in a natural hot spring, the Secret Lagoon in Flúðir is about 35 minutes from Gullfoss. It's a more authentic and less crowded alternative to the Blue Lagoon.
Blue Lagoon or Sky Lagoon
Many extended Golden Circle tours combine a visit to Gullfoss with an evening at the Blue Lagoon (about 1.5 hours away) or Sky Lagoon (about 1.5 hours away). Both are luxurious geothermal spas where you can relax in mineral-rich waters after a day of sightseeing.
Langjökull Glacier
For adventure seekers, you can combine your Golden Circle tour with activities on Langjökull glacier, the very source of Gullfoss's water. Options include snowmobiling, ice cave tours, or riding on a monster truck across the glacier. This is a great way to see both the glacier and the waterfall it created.
Where Can I Stay Near Gullfoss Waterfall?
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While most visitors to Gullfoss stay in Reykjavik and make it a day trip, there are accommodation options in the Golden Circle area if you want to spend more time exploring:
Hotel Gullfoss:
Located just 3 minutes from the waterfall, this hotel offers comfortable rooms and a restaurant serving traditional Icelandic dishes. It's perfect for viewing the Northern Lights in winter, as there's no light pollution. You'll wake up with Gullfoss practically on your doorstep.
Guesthouses in Reykholt:
The village of Reykholt, about 25 minutes from Gullfoss, has several guesthouses and small hotels. It's a peaceful area with easy access to all Golden Circle attractions.
Accommodations in Laugarvatn
About 35 minutes from Gullfoss, Laugarvatn offers various hotels, guesthouses, and even cottages by the lake. The village has a lovely geothermal spa and is centrally located for exploring the Golden Circle.
Selfoss
The town of Selfoss, about 45 minutes from Gullfoss, is the largest town in the area and offers more accommodation options, restaurants, and shops. It's a good base if you want more amenities.
Camping
There are campsites in the Golden Circle area, though camping directly at Gullfoss is not permitted. The nearest campsite is in Reykholt or at Geysir.
Has Gullfoss Appeared in Movies or TV Shows?
Gullfoss's dramatic beauty has caught the attention of filmmakers worldwide:
- The Amazing Race (Season 34) featured Gullfoss as a "pit stop" in the American reality competition show
- Vikings TV series briefly featured the waterfall in a subplot where a character dies by diving into the falls
- Game of Thrones crew filmed some footage at Gullfoss, though it was never featured in the final show
- Land Ho! - This adventure comedy film tells the story of ex-brothers-in-law traveling through Iceland to reclaim their youth, with one of their stops being Gullfoss
- Live - The alternative rock group filmed their music video for "Heaven" at Gullfoss
- Civilization VII (2025) - Gullfoss appears as a Natural Wonder in this popular strategy video game
